What you call a "node, that one adds to an edge to make curved lines" is called a "bend" in diagramming terminology. The "Account", "Person", and "Corporation" elements in your sample diagram are "nodes".
With the terminology clarified, let us continue to your actual issue. You cannot connect edges to other edges or bends to bends in other edges. I am pretty sure that we will not add such a feature to yEd, because the strict adherence to the formal graph model (i.e. an edge always connects either one node to itself or connects exactly two nodes) is a very important requirement for almost all feaures in yEd.
The best you can do to achieve the visualization shown in your sample diagram, is to split the edges from "Account" to "Person" and "Account" to "Corporation" into two distinct edges each. To do that, create a black size 1 node, add said node to a custom palette section, then drop the corresponding node template from the palette onto the edge you want to split. Once you have inserted these split nodes, you can connect the split nodes with an additional edge.